The resolution of the last (Moscow) Congress of the Soviets
advocates, as the most important problem at present, the creation
of "efficient organization" and higher discipline. Such
resolutions are now readily supported by everybody. But that their
realization requires compulsion, and _compulsion in the form of a
dictatorship_, is ordinarily not comprehended. And yet, it would
be the greatest stupidity and the most absurd opportunism to
suppose that the transition from capitalism to Socialism is
possible without compulsion and dictatorship. The Marxian theory
has long ago criticized beyond misunderstanding this petty
bourgeois-democratic and anarchistic nonsense. And Russia of
1917-18 confirms in this respect the Marxian theory so clearly,
palpably, and convincingly that only those who are hopelessly
stupid or who have firmly determined to ignore the truth can still
err in this respect. Either a Kornilov dictatorship (if Kornilov
be taken as Russian type of a bourgeois Cavaignac) or a
dictatorship of the proletariat--no other alternative is possible
for a country which is passing through an unusually swift
development with unusually difficult transitions and which suffers
from desperate disorganization created by the most horrible
war.
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