_ With the creation of a new--the Soviet--type of
state, offering to the oppressed toiling masses the opportunity to
participate actively in the free construction of a new society, we
have solved only a small part of the difficult task. _The main
difficulty is in the economic domain; to raise the productivity of
labor, to establish strict and universal accounting and control of
production and distribution, and actually to socialize
production._[67]
Lenine recognizes, as every thoughtful person must, that this task of
organizing production and distribution cannot be undertaken by "the
proletariat and the poorest peasants." It requires a vast amount of highly
developed technical knowledge and skill, the result of long training and
superior education. This kind of service is so highly paid, in comparison
with the wages paid to the manual workers, that it lifts those who perform
the service and receive the high salaries into the ranks of the
bourgeoisie. Certainly, even though they are engaged in performing work of
the highest value and the most vital consequence, the specialists, experts,
and directing managers of industry are not of the "working class," as that
term is commonly employed.
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